Solar panels work by converting sunlight into electricity using a process called photovoltaics (PV). This process takes place in the individual photovoltaic cells within the panel.
Each cell is made of a semiconductor material, such as silicon, which is treated with specific chemicals to create a positive and negative layer. When sunlight hits the cell, photons from the sunlight knock electrons from the negative layer into the positive layer, creating a flow of electricity.
The individual cells are connected together in a series to form a solar panel, and multiple panels can be connected together to form a solar array. The electricity generated by the panels is then sent to an inverter, which converts the direct current (DC) electricity produced by the panels into alternating current (AC) electricity that can be used by homes and businesses.
Solar panels are designed to capture sunlight and convert it into electricity, providing a clean and renewable source of energy. The efficiency of the panels depends on a number of factors, including the type of semiconductor material used, the size of the cells, and the design of the panel itself.
With advances in technology, solar panels have become more efficient and cost-effective, making them an increasingly popular option for many people.
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